17. Plan der Umgebung von Ssewasstopol mit Angabe der Stellungen und Belagerungs-arbeiten der Verbündeten Armeen. Glogau: C. Flemming, 1855. COLLBN Port 164 N 42
The Russians retreated to Sevastopol, the Allied forces besieged the city, harbour to the tsar's Black Sea fleet. The siege lasted from October 1854 to September 1855. You see Turkish divisions in yellow, French and English infantry, cavalry and artillery in blue and pink. The Russians had deliberately sunk their ships to block the harbour for Allied vessels. A winter storm ruined the Allies' camps and supply lines and many men and horses starved of hunger and disease. But supply lines were restored. This siege forecasted the devastating trench warfare of World War I. Although the Crimean War produced no clear winner, Russia's loss of face as a great power induced its abolition of serfdom in 1861 and the emergence of Ukrainian political movements.