In the course of the nineteenth century the educational system revolutionized in the Netherlands. New learning methods for geography were published. One such innovation was the school atlas. The level of detail of the maps in such atlases depended on the school level for which these atlases were made. Atlases for primary schools are compact with simple, elementary maps. Such atlases include sometimes only one overview map of Asia, or even no map of Asia at all. Atlases for secondary education tend to be more comprehensive with more detailed maps. No separate maps of Vietnam can be found in such atlases, and even no

individual maps for mainland Southeast-Asia. This region is general included on maps of South-Asia, together with the territories of (British) India. Occasionally, Vietnam is included in maps of East-Asia, with China, Japan and the countries around the South China Sea. Dutch school atlases normally pay attention to the territory of the Dutch East Indies, especially Indonesia. Of special interest are the atlases that were produced for education in these Dutch colonies. Those atlases put more emphasis on Asia, especially the countries close to Indonesia.